前言
在技术开发的日常工作中我们必须每天与英文单词打交道，
在外人看来我们都是英文专八的翻译大师。
其实他们不知道的是，我们使用的英文大多都是经过简化处理的。
今天来总结一下我们常见的简化英文的英文由来。
1. 常见Linux命令英文由来
- su： Swith user 切换用户，切换到root用户
- cat: Concatenate 将多个文本字符串联接成一个长文本字符串
- uname: Unix name 系统名称
- df: Disk free 空余硬盘
- du: Disk usage 硬盘使用率
- chown: Change owner 改变所有者
- chgrp: Change group 改变用户组
- ps：Process Status 进程状态
- tar：Tape archive 解压文件
- chmod: Change mode 改变模式
- umount: Unmount 解除挂载
- ldd：List dynamic dependencies 列出动态依赖关系
- insmod：Install module 安装模块
- rmmod：Remove module 删除模块
- lsmod：List module 列表模块
- alias : 化名
- bash :GNU Bourne-Again Shell linux内核
- grep:global regular expression print
- httpd :HTTP Daemon 即 apache ，http server 2.0以后就改名为httpd
- ipcalc :Calculate IP information for a host
- ping :Packet Internet Groper 因特网包探索器
- reboot: 重新启动
- sudo:Superuser do 用超级管理员执行
- cd = Change Directory 改变目录
- cal = Calendar
- apache = “a patchy” server
- apt = Advanced Packaging Tool
- ar = archiver
- as = assembler
- bash = Bourne Again SHell
- bc = Basic (Better) Calculator
- bg = BackGround
- chsh = CHange SHell
- cmp = compare
- cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture
- comm = common
- cp = CoPy
- cpio = CoPy In and Out
- cpp = C Pre Processor
- cups = Common Unix Printing System
- cvs = Current Version System
- daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor
- dc = Desk Calculator
- dd = Disk Dump
- df = Disk Free
- diff = DIFFerence
- dmesg = diagnostic message
- du = Disk Usage
- ed = editor
- egrep = Extended GREP
- elf = Extensible Linking Format
- elm = ELectronic Mail
- emacs = Editor Macros
- eval = Evaluate
- ex = Extended
- exec = EXECute
- fd = file descriptors
- fg = ForeGround
- fgrep = Fixed GREP
- fmt = format
- fsck = File System ChecK
- fstab = FileSystem TABle
- fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager
- gawk = GNU AWK
- gpg = GNU Privacy Guard
- groff = GNU troff
- hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer
- joe = Joe’s Own Editor
- ksh = Korn SHell
- lame = Lame Ain’t an MP3 Encoder
- lex = LEXical analyser
- lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses
- ln = LiNk
- lpr = Line PRint
- ls = list
- lsof = List Open Files
- m4 = Macro processor Version 4
- man = Manual pages
- mawk = Mike Brennan’s AWK
- mc = Midnight Commander
- mkfs = Make FileSystem
- mknod = Make NODe
- motd = Message of The Day
- mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa
- mtab = Mount TABle
- mv = MoVe
- nano = Nano’s ANOther editor
- nawk = New AWK
- nl = Number of Lines
- nm = names
- nohup = No HangUP
- nroff = New ROFF
- od = Octal Dump
- passwd = password
- pg = pager
- pico = PIne’s message COmposition editor
- pine = “Program for Internet News & Email” = “Pine is not Elm”
- ping = Packet InterNet Grouper
- pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability
- popd = POP Directory
- pr = pre
- printf = PRINT Formatted
- ps = Processes Status
- pty = pseudo tty
- pushd = PUSH Directory
- pwd = Print Working Directory
- rc = runcom = run command, shell
- rev = Reverse
- rm = Remove
- rn = Read News
- roff = RunOFF
- rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager
- rsh, rlogin, = Remote
- rxvt = ouR XVT
- sed = Stream EDitor
- seq = SEQuence
- shar = SHell ARchive
- slrn = S-Lang rn
- ssh = Secure shell
- ssl = Secure Sockets Layer
- stty = Set TTY
- su = Substitute User
- svn = SubVersioN
- tar = Tape ARchive
- tcsh = TENEX C shell
- telnet = TeminaL over Network
- termcap = terminal capability
- terminfo = terminal information
- tr = traslate
- troff = Typesetter new ROFF
- tsort = Topological SORT
- tty = TeleTypewriter
- twm = Tom’s Window Manager
- tz = TimeZone
- udev = Userspace DEV
- ulimit = User’s LIMIT
- umask = User’s MASK
- uniq = UNIQue
- vi = Visual = Very Inconvenient
- vim = Vi Improved
- wall = write all
- wc = Word Count
- wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator
- xargs = Extended Arguments
- xdm = X Display Manager
- xlfd = X Logical Font Description
- xmms = X Multimedia System
- xrdb = X Resources DataBase
- xwd = X Window Dump
- yacc = yet another compiler compiler
2、常见目录名含义
- /bin = Binaries
- /dev = Devices
- /etc = Etcetera
- /lib = Library
- /proc = Processes
- /sbin = Superuser Binaries
- /tmp = Temporary
- /usr = Unix Shared Resources
- /var = Variable
3、其他常见技术类术语
- FIFO = First In, First Out
- GRUB = Grand Unified Bootloader
- IFS = Internal Field Seperators
- LILO = Linux Loader
- MySQL = My最初作者的名字 SQL = Structured Query Language
- PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
- PS = Prompt String
- Perl = “Pratical Extraction and Report Language” = “Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister”
- Python Monty Python’s Flying Circus
- Tcl = Tool Command Language
- Tk = ToolKit
- VT = Video Terminal
- YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool
4、编程开发中常见的英文缩写
- msg = message
- pic = picture
- usr = user
- pwd = password
- pub = public
- str = string
- cust = customer
- corp = company
- num = number
- biz = business
- dept = department
- val = value
- sys = system
- req = request / required
- params = parameters
- res = result
- rtn = return
- del = delete
- chk = check
- ext = extension
- eq = equals
- info = information
- att = attachment
- ad = advertising
- addr = address
